什么是紫杉醇

1967年，在美国国家三角研究所的美国国家癌症研究所计划中发现了它，当时梦露·E·沃尔和曼苏克·瓦尼从太平洋紫杉的树皮中分离出紫杉，并将其命名为“紫杉醇”。 When it was developed commercially by Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) the generic name was changed to 'paclitaxel' and the BMS compound is sold under the trademark 'TAXOL'.当百时美施贵宝（BMS）将其商业化开发时，其通用名称更改为“紫杉醇”，该BMS化合物以商标“ TAXOL”出售。 In this formulation, paclitaxel is dissolved in Cremophor EL and ethanol, as a delivery agent.在该配方中，紫杉醇溶解在Cremophor EL和乙醇中，作为递送剂。 A newer formulation, in which paclitaxel is bound to albumin, is sold under the trademark Abraxane.一种新的配方，其中紫杉醇与白蛋白结合，以商标Abraxane出售。
Paclitaxel is now used to treat patients with lung, ovarian, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and advanced forms of Kaposi's sarcoma.紫杉醇现已用于治疗肺癌，卵巢癌，乳腺癌，头颈癌和晚期卡波西肉瘤患者。 Paclitaxel is also used for the prevention of restenosis.紫杉醇也用于预防再狭窄。
Paclitaxel stabilizes microtubules and as a result, interferes with the normal breakdown of microtubules during cell division.紫杉醇可稳定微管，因此会干扰细胞分裂过程中微管的正常分解。 Together with docetaxel, it forms the drug category of the taxanes.它与多西紫杉醇一起形成紫杉烷类药物。 It was the subject of a notable total synthesis by Robert A. Holton.罗伯特·霍尔顿（Robert A. Holton）进行了全面的综合研究。