环己碱

[同义词] Seromycin; D-环丝氨酸  
[CAS号 ] 68-41-7
[分子式] C3H6N2O2 
[分子量] 102.093
[外观]白色结晶性粉末
[应用] 
1，结核病
For the treatment of tuberculosis, cycloserine is classified as a second-line drug, ie its use is only considered if one or more first-line drugs cannot be used.对于肺结核的治疗，环丝氨酸被列为第二线药物，即仅在不能使用一种或多种第一线药物的情况下才考虑使用环丝氨酸。 Hence, cycloserine is restricted for use only against multiple drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.因此，环丝氨酸被限制仅用于对抗结核分枝杆菌的多种耐药和广泛耐药菌株。 Another reason for limited use of this drug is the neurological side effects it causes, since it is able to penetrate into the central nervous system (CNS) and cause headaches, drowsiness, depression, dizziness, vertigo, confusion, paresthesias, dysarthria, hyperirritability, psychosis, convulsions, and shaking (tremors).限制使用该药物的另一个原因是它引起的神经系统副作用，因为它能够渗入中枢神经系统（CNS）并引起头痛，嗜睡，抑郁，头晕，眩晕，精神错乱，感觉异常，构音障碍，过敏性，精神病，抽搐和震动（震颤）。 Overdose of cycloserine may result in paresis, seizures, and coma, while alcohol consumption may increase the risk of seizures.过量服用环丝氨酸可能会导致轻瘫，癫痫发作和昏迷，而饮酒可能会增加癫痫发作的风险。 Coadministration of pyridoxine can reduce the incidence of some of these CNS side effects (eg convulsions) caused by cycloserine.吡ido醇的共同给药可减少由环丝氨酸引起的某些中枢神经系统副作用（例如惊厥）的发生。
2.精神病学
A 2015 Cochrane review found no evidence of benefit in anxiety disorders as of 2015. Another review found preliminary evidence of benefit.截至XNUMX年，Cochrane的一项评估发现，截至XNUMX年，尚无证据表明其对焦虑症有益处。另一项评估发现，该证据初步证明了其获益。 Evidence for use in addiction is tentative but also unclear.用于成瘾的证据暂定，但也不清楚。
D-环丝氨酸的COA 
腓：5.8比
干燥失重：0.6％
含量（HPLC）：992.0 ug / mg
冷凝产品NMT 0.80（在285nm下）
比旋度：+ 109.7°
灼烧残渣：0.22％
关于Cyclorine USP
Cyclorine是一种用于治疗结核病的抗生素。 Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, for active drug resistant tuberculosis.特别是，它与其他抗结核药一起用于抗药性肺结核。 It is given by mouth.它是通过口给出的。
Cyclorine在结构上与氨基酸d-丙氨酸相似，并通过干扰细菌细胞壁的形成起作用。